Ho sireletsa karolo ea saense e le molemo oa sechaba oa lefats'e nakong ea tlholisano ea lipolotiki tsa jeokrafi

Saense e ntse e bōptjoa ka ho eketsehileng ke tlholisano ea lipolotiki tsa jeokrafi, lithahasello tse fanoeng le ho loanela melemo ea theknoloji le mehloli. Sena se senya bokhoni ba saense ba ho sebeletsa lichaba le ho rarolla liphephetso tse arolelanoang lefatšeng ka bophara, ha ka nako e tšoanang se ntse se matlafatsa lipolotiki tsa sona le ho ikokobelletsa lithahasello tsa maano le tse khethehileng.

Saense ke karolo ea lintlafatso tsena 'me ke matla a ka mpefatsang likhohlano le tsitsipano. Tlholisano ea hona joale mabapi le mahlale a bohlokoa (ho kenyeletsoa le lipeiso tsa libetsa tsa sesole) e totobatsa tlhaho e habeli ea tšebeliso ea tsebo ea mahlale. Moelelong ona, karolo e tšepahalang ea mahlale e le molemo oa sechaba oa lefats'e [1], mohloli o arolelanoang o tsoelang bohle molemo 'me o lula o fumaneha habonolo, o kotsing ea ho senyeha ka ho eketsehileng ke tlholisano ea maano le karohano ea lipolotiki.

Ha ho kena-kenana ha lipolotiki le maikutlo ho ntse ho bopa merero le diphetho tsa dipatlisiso, tshebediso ya bopaki ba saense ho theheng maano e ntse e sotheha. Ho hola ha dipolotiki le ho arohana ha ditsamaiso tsa saense ho ntse ho thibela tshebedisano mmoho le ho arolelana dintlha butle-butle, ha ka nako e ts'oanang ho etsa hore phihlello ya tsebo ya saense e se ke ya lekana haholo. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho beha pele ditabatabelo tsa geopolitical le tse nang le boikarabelo ho hodisa ditso tsa ho se ikamahanye le saense le ho potlakisa ho senyeha ha bokgoni ba bafuputsi ba ho etsa dipatlisiso ka bolokolohi mme, maemong a mang, ka boikarabelo.[2]

Ha ho tsamaiso ea saense e sa sireletsehang likhatellong, ebang ke tsa ka hare kapa tsa kantle. Lithibelo tsa hore na saense e etsoa joang le ho arolelanoa joang ha li felle feela maemong a fokolang kapa a amehileng ke likhohlano empa li bonahala libakeng tsohle le maemong 'ohle a bokhoni ba saense. Lintlafatso tsa morao tjena li bontša hore ho kena-kenana ha lipolotiki hona joale ho ama litsamaiso tsa lipatlisiso tseo pele ho neng ho nahanoa hore li sirelelitsoe likhatellong tse joalo. Lithibelo tse ntseng li hola tse potolohileng tokoloho ea thuto lefatšeng ka bophara, tse kenyeletsang ho fokolisa boipuso ba mekhatlo, li bontša tšokelo ea phetoho bokhoning ba saense ba ho bua ho pholletsa le meeli le meeli. Likhohlano tse telele li sitisitse meralo ea motheo ea lipatlisiso ea naha 'me li kenya letsoho ts'ebetsong e telele ea tahlehelo ea talenta.[3] Ho falla ha bo-rasaense le tahlehelo ea mosebetsi oa bona ke e 'ngoe ea litšokelo tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tseo tikoloho ea rona ea lipatlisiso ea lefats'e e tobanang le tsona,[4] [5] [6] le ho feta le ho pholletsa le Bophirimela. Ho senyeha ha litsamaiso tsa lipatlisiso tsa naha, tse bakoang ke litlhaselo tse tobileng ho litsi le basebetsi, ke sebetsa sa ntoa. Ha re ntse re ea pele, re tlameha, re le sechaba sa saense se hokahaneng lefatšeng ka bophara, ho haha ​​​​mekhoa e sebetsang haholoanyane ea tšireletso le ea ho hlaphoheloa.[7]

Liphephetso tse matla ka ho fetisisa tsa lichaba tsa rona, tse kang phetoho ea tlelaemete, ho senyeha ha tikoloho, litšokelo tsa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba, tšitiso ea theknoloji le likhohlano, li tla rua molemo leano le kopanetsoeng la tšireletso. Likarabelo tsa liphephetso tsena tsa lefats'e li itšetlehile ka tsebo ea saense e ikemetseng, e hlakileng le e fumanehang machabeng le kutloisiso e kopanetsoeng. Pono ea polanete ea botsamaisi le tharollo ea mathata ka nģ'ane ho meeli ea naha le ea libaka ke ea bohlokoa, kaha litsamaiso tsa saense tse arohaneng kapa tse thibetsoeng li ke ke tsa fihlela litlhoko tsena. Bo-rasaense ba tlameha ho sebetsa 'moho ho lemoha, ho sireletsa le ho tšehetsa tokelo ea batho bohle ea ho nka karolo le ho rua molemo saenseng.[8]

Tokelo ena e fana ka moralo o nang le melao-motheo le o sebetsang bakeng sa ho utloisisa le ho sebetsana le liphephetso tse hlahisitsoeng kaholimo ka ho tiisa tokelo ea bokahohle ea ho fihlella le ho kenya letsoho tsebong ea saense ka boikarabello le boikarabello bo tšoeroeng ke linaha ho nolofalletsa maemo a joalo. E hokahanya khoebo ea saense le lipheo tsa botsitso, tekano le boiketlo maemong a naha le a machaba. Ka ho hatisa hore meralo ea motheo ea saense (ea baahi) le basebetsi ba lokela, bonyane, ho tšoaroa e le ba sirelelitsoeng ho e-na le lipheo tse molaong, e hlokomela hore tsosoloso ea bokhoni ba saense kamora litlhaselo e bohlokoa bakeng sa boiketlo ba naha, ba libaka le ba machaba le botsitso ba moruo.

Ho hlokahala ketso e hokahaneng ka potlako ho sireletsa maemo ao tokelo ea ho kenya letsoho le ho rua molemo ho saense e ka sebelisoang ka botlalo tlas'a 'ona le ao saense e ka sebetsang tlas'a 'ona e le molemo oa sechaba oa lefats'e. Sena se bolela:

• hore Litho tsa ISC li sebelisane le lithaka tsa tsona le mebuso bakeng sa ho sireletsa tokoloho ea saense le botšepehi ho tšitiso ea lipolotiki, ea maikutlo le e sa lokelang e amanang le ts'ireletso[9];
• hore mebuso le batšehetsi ba saense ba libaka le ba machaba ba sebetse ho boloka tšebelisano-'moho ea machaba ha ba ntse ba sebetsana le mathata a ts'ireletso a molaong ka tsela e lekanang;
• hore ho sireletsa bo-rasaense, meralo ea motheo ea data le lipatlisiso, haholo-holo maemong a mathata, likhohlano kapa ho se tsitse, ho etelloa pele ho sebelisoa mekhoa e loketseng bakeng sa boitokisetso le kaho bocha[10].

Lintho tsena tsa bohlokoa li kenyelletsa ho netefatsa hore bopaki ba saense bo kenngoa ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng ho etseng liqeto tsa mahlakore a mangata[11]. Lefatšeng le itšetlehileng ka linaha tse ling, moo liqeto li nang le liphello tse fetang meeli, ho sireletsa saense e ikemetseng, e nang le boikarabelo, e bulehileng le e sebelisanang le machaba ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e nang le boikarabelo ea bobusi. Tsebo ea saense ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntšetsa pele le ho sireletsa linaha tse tloaelehileng tsa lefats'e ha ea lokela ho beoa tlas'a lithahasello tse fokolang tsa naha.

Saense e fana ka boleng ba yona bo boholo, ho kenyeletswa le tsamaisong ya di-common tsa lefatshe, ha e sebetsa jwalo ka kgwebo e kopanetsweng le boiteko ba lefatshe ka bophara; ha e hlahisa tsebo, boqapi mme e thusa ho rarolla mathata a lefatshe.[12] Ka nako e ts'oanang, tsamaiso ya saense ya lefatshe ka bophara e tlameha ho ikamahanya le dinnete tsa tlholisano ya dipolotiki ntle le ho lahla melaomotheo ya ho buleha, tshebedisano le boikemelo ba saense.

References

[1] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Saense e le Molemo oa Sechaba oa Lefatše. 2021; le Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Maikutlo a Kajeno mabapi le Tokoloho le Boikarabello Saenseng. 2021. https://council.science/our-work/freedom-and-responsibility-in-science/

[2] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Melao-motheo ea Tokoloho le Boikarabelo ho Saense. 2022. https://council.science/freedom-and-responsibility-in-science/

[3] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Ho Tšehetsa Bo-rasaense ba Palestina ba Kotsing le ba Lelekiloeng. 2024. https://council.science/news/supporting-at-risk-and-displaced-palestinian-scientists/

[4] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Tsebo ea Saense e Lahlehang Hore e se ke ea Qaba. Blog, 2021. https://www.bbc.com/storyworks/unlocking-science/the-scientific-knowledge-being-lost-to-conflict

[5] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Ho Tšehetsa Bo-rasaense ba Palestina ba Kotsing le ba Lelekiloeng. 2024. https://council.science/news/supporting-at-risk-and-displaced-palestinian-scientists/

[6] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Polelo ka Sudan. 2023. https://council.science/blog/statement-sudan/

[7] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Ho Sireletsa Saense Linakong tsa Mathata: Re ka Khaotsa Joang ho ba le Boikutlo bo Botle 'me ra ba Mafolofolo Haholoanyane? 2023. https://council.science/publications/protecting-science-in-times-of-crisis/

[8] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Tokelo ea ho Kena le ho Rua Molemo ho Saense: Tlhaloso ea ISC. 2024. https://council.science/our-work/right-to-science/

[9] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Melao-motheo ea Tokoloho le Boikarabelo ho Saense. 2022.

[10] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Ho Sireletsa Saense Linakong Tsa Mathata. 2023; le Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Saense Linakong Tsa Mathata mehlodi ea projeke.

[11] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Saense e le Molemo oa Sechaba oa Lefatše. 2021. https://council.science/publications/science-as-a-global-public-good/
Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Dipolelo mabapi le ho sebelisana ha mahlakore a mangata le dikotsi tsa lefatshe.

[12] Lekhotla la Matjhaba la Saense (ISC). Tšebelisano-'moho ea Machabeng ea Saense: ea Bohlokoa Empa e Kotsing. Polelo, Phuptjane 2025. https://council.science/statements/international-scientific-collaboration-vital-yet-vulnerable/

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